Women still emerge from colleges, law schools, medical schools and trade schools and land jobs where they have to navigate energy-sapping social challenges seemingly designed to shut them down and trip them up. Some are unconscious, some deliberate — but none are tests they can afford to fail.

Of course, everyone has to spend some time establishing professional bona fides and defending ideas against good-faith objections. Competition can be healthy if tempered with collaboration and a common goal. But when the challenges are automatically or primarily being lobbed at members of a particular demographic, that’s about something more than professional development.

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